Presencia y Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos de serovariedades de Salmonella enterica aisladas en una empresa avícola integrada del Ecuador
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Publicado:
May 30, 2017
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Ecuador, Industria Avícola, Resistencia a los antimicrobianos, Salmonella, Serotipo
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A nivel mundial Salmonella es la responsable de causar millones de casos de gastroenteritis humana y más de cien mil defunciones cada año. Una de las principales fuentes de contagio esta bacteria son los productos de origen aviar. La utilización generalizada de antimicrobianos en la industria avícola ha favorecido el surgimiento de cepas de Salmonella multirresistentes. Dichas cepas podrían transmitirse al ser humano a través del consumo de productos cárnicos contaminados. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar serotipos y patrones de resistencia antimicrobiana de cepas de Salmonella aisladas en una empresa avícola integrada en Ecuador. Al final del período de muestreo se recolectaron 289 muestras que fueron analizadas en base a la norma NTE INEN-ISO 6579 Anexo D. El 20.1% de las muestras fueron positivas a Salmonella, identificándose 4 diferentes serovariedades, siendo S. Infantis (74.1%) el serotipo más frecuente. La mayoría de cepas de Salmonella presentaron resistencia a nitrofurantoína (94.8 %), tetraciclina (82.8%), cloranfenicol (79.3%) y trimetopin-sulfametoxazol (81%). Los resultados de este estudio indican que Salmonella puede estar presente en los diferentes procesos de la industria avícola ecuatoriana, además la resistencia antibacteriana de cepas aisladas en carne de pollo puede representar un riesgo para la salud pública.
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Villagómez Estrada S, Logacho Pilataxi M, Vinueza Burgos C. Presencia y Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos de serovariedades de Salmonella enterica aisladas en una empresa avícola integrada del Ecuador. REMCB [Internet]. 30 de mayo de 2017 [citado 18 de abril de 2024];38(1):11-4. Disponible en: https://remcb-puce.edu.ec/remcb/article/view/17
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Giombelli A y Abreu M. 2014. Prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter on Broiler Chickens from Farm to Slaughter and Efficiency of Methods To Remove Visible Fecal Contamination. Journal of Food Protection 77(11): 1851–1859.
Giombelli A, Hammerschmitt D, Cerutti MF, Chiarini E, Landgraf M, Franco BD y Destro M. 2015. High pressure spray with water shows similar efficiency to trimming in controlling microorganisms on poultry carcasses. Poultry Science 94(10): 2589–95.
Guastalli B, Batista D, Souza A, Guastalli E, Lopes P, Almeida A, Prette N, Barbosa F, Stipp D, Freitas O. 2016. Evaluation of Disinfectants Used in Pre-Chilling water Tanks of Poultry Processing Plants. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola 18(2): 217–224.
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Heyndrickx M, Vandekerchove D, Herman L, Rollier I, Grijspeerdt K, De Zutter, L. 2002. Routes for Salmonella contamination of poultry meat: epidemiological study from hatchery to slaughterhouse. Epidemiology and Infection 129(2): 253–265.
Humphrey T. 2004. Science and society: Salmonella, stress responses and food safety. Nature Reviews Microbiology 2(6): 504–509.
Im MC, Jeong SJ, Kwon YK, Jeong OM, Kang MS, Lee YJ. 2015. Prevalence and characteristics of Salmonella spp. isolated from commercial layer farms in Korea. Poultry Science 94(7): 1691–8.
Katoh R, Matsushita S, Shimojima Y, Ishitsuka R, Sadamasu K , Kai A. 2015. Serovars and Drug-Resistance of Salmonella Strains Isolated from Domestic Chicken Meat in Tokyo (1992-2012). The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 89(1): 46–52.
Kutay HC, Dümen E, Keser O, Bilgin AŞ, Ergin S y Kocabağli N. 2016. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella in Rendered Animal Products Used in Poultry Feed in Turkey. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi 22(6): 909–916.
Lamas A, Fernandez-No I, Miranda JM, Vázquez B, Cepeda A, Franco CM. 2016. Prevalence, molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serovars isolated from northwestern Spanish broiler flocks (2011–2015). Poultry Science 95(9): 2097-2105.
Lee SK., Choi D, Kim HS, Kim DH, Seo KH. 2016. Prevalence, Seasonal Occurrence, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella spp. Isolates Recovered from Chicken Carcasses Sampled at Major Poultry Processing Plants of South Korea. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease 13(10): 544–550.
Lillard HS. 1979. Levels of chlorine and chlorine dioxide of equivalent bactericidal effect in poultry processing water. Journal of Food Science 44(6): 1594–1597.
Logue CM, Sherwood JS, Olah PA, Elijah LM, Dockter MR. 2003. The incidence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp. on freshly processed poultry from US Midwestern processing plants. Journal of Applied Microbiology 94(1): 16–24.
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