Sobre la relación entre el ocultamiento de nido y la coloración conspicua de las hembras paserinas: una prueba de la hipótesis de Wallace

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Jay P. McEntee
Zoe Zelazny
J. Gordon Burleigh

Resumen

Alfred Russel Wallace hipotetizó que el uso de nidos en cavidad y en domo libera a los pájaros en incubación del riesgo predatorio, lo que permitiría la evolución de la coloración conspicua en las hembras. Bajo esta hipótesis, las hembras que usan nidos abiertos están sujetas a una fuerte selección por cripsis. En este trabajo probamos la validez de la propuesta de Wallace que correlaciona la evolución de los tipos de nidos con la coloración conspicua de las hembras, utilizando métodos filogenéticos comparativos y la radiación aviar más grande, los Passeriformes. También exploramos la hipótesis alterna que propone que la anidación en cavidades produce un plumaje conspicuo ya que la competencia por cavidades es más fuerte que en otros sitios de anidación, y esta competencia provocaría selección social en el plumaje de la hembra. Bajo esta hipótesis, las hembras de las especies que anidan en domos deberían ser generalmente menos conspicuas que aquellas que anidan en cavidades. No encontramos apoyo para la hipótesis de Wallace que indica que los nidos ocultos producen plumaje conspicuo y que los nidos abiertos o expuestos producen plumaje apagado, sin embargo, encontramos un leve apoyo para la hipótesis de selección social en las especies gregarias y de cuerpos pequeños.  Si bien nuestros análisis no apoyan la hipótesis central de Wallace, estos corroboran su contención ya que las transiciones evolucionarias en los tipos de nido son raras, lo que indica que los tipos de nido pueden influenciar regímenes selectivos macro evolucionarios para otras características o rasgos.

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McEntee JP, Zelazny Z, Burleigh JG. Sobre la relación entre el ocultamiento de nido y la coloración conspicua de las hembras paserinas: una prueba de la hipótesis de Wallace. REMCB [Internet]. 26 de noviembre de 2021 [citado 18 de abril de 2024];42(2). Disponible en: https://remcb-puce.edu.ec/remcb/article/view/906
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