Primer registro de Magnolia virginiana (Magnoliaceae) para Guatemala y una lista actualizada de las magnolias guatemaltecas
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Magnolia virginiana es registrada por primera vez en los humedales de los márgenes del río Cahabón en el Municipio de Cobán, Departamento de Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Se presenta una descripción taxonómica, mapa, fotografías y una ilustración para esta especie; además, se discute su variación morfológica en comparación con las poblaciones de Estados Unidos y Cuba, y se hipotetiza sobre su presencia en el país. Además, se presenta un listado actualizado de las magnolias registradas en el territorio guatemalteco.
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1.
Perez A. Primer registro de Magnolia virginiana (Magnoliaceae) para Guatemala y una lista actualizada de las magnolias guatemaltecas. REMCB [Internet]. 31 de mayo de 2026 [citado 1 de junio de 2026];47(1). Disponible en: https://remcb-puce.edu.ec/remcb/article/view/1065
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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Aldaba Núñez FA, Guzmán-Díaz S, Veltjen E, Asselman P, Esteban Jiménez J, Valdés Sánchez J, Testé E, Pino Infante G, Silva Sierra D, Callejas Posada R, Hernández Najarro F, Vázquez-García JA, Larridon I, Park S, Kim S, Martínez Salas EM, Samain MS. 2024. Phylogenomic insights into Neotropical Magnolia relationships. Heliyon 10(20). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39430
Archila F, Chiron G, Szlachetko D, Lipinska M, Bertolini V, Mystkowska K. 2018. Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala. Koeltz Botanical Books, Germany. 724 pp.
Archila F, Tribouillier-Navas E, Aguilar RE. 2022. Una nueva especie de Magnolia de los bosques tropicales lluviosos. Revista Guatemalensis 25: 122-128.
Archila F, Tribouillier-Navas E, Vázquez-García JA, Alvarado O, Pérez ÁJ. 2023. Novedades taxonómicas en Magnolia (Magnoliaceae, sect. Talauma) de Guatemala. Revista Ecuatoriana de Medicina y Ciencias Biológicas 44(2): 49-59.
Archila F, Tribouillier-Navas E, Alvarado O, Pérez ÁJ, Shalisko V, Mendoza S, Vázquez-García JA. 2024. Three new small-flowered Magnolia species (Magnolia sect. Magnolia, Magnoliaceae) from Guatemala. Phytotaxa 665(2): 129-144. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.665.2.4
Azuma H, García-Franco JG, Rico-Gray V, Thien LB. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the Magnoliaceae: The biogeography of tropical and temperate disjunctions. American Journal of Botany 88(12): 2275-2285. https://doi.org/10.2307/3558389
Bosarreyes B, Sagastume-Pinto KV, Peña J, Moreira-Ramírez JF, Castillo M. 2021. Guía de aves de la costa del Pacífico Guatemalteco. Guatemala. 221 pp.
Brocard G, Morán-Ical S, Dura T, Vásquez O. 2015. The Plio-Pleistocene lacustrine Jolom Naj formation in Cobán, Alta Verapaz: Implications for the growth and demise of the Cahabón river. Revista guatemalteca de ciencias de la tierra 2:45-56.
Guzmán-Díaz S, Núñez FAA, Veltjen E, Asselman P, Larridon I, Samain MS. 2022. Comparison of Magnoliaceae Plastomes: Adding Neotropical Magnolia to the Discussion. Plants 11(3): 448. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030448
Hebda RJ, Irving E. 2013. On the Origin and Distribution of Magnolias: Tectonics, DNA and Climate Change. In: JET Channell, DV Kent, W Lowrie & JG Meert (Eds.) Geophysical Monograph Series (pp. 43–57). American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/145GM04
Linsky J, Coffey EED, Beech E, Rivers M, Cicuzza D, Oldfield S, Crowley D. 2022. Assessing Magnoliaceae through time: Major global efforts to track extinction risk status and ex situ conservation. PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET, ppp3.10285. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10285
Muñiz-Castro MÁ, Castro-Félix P, Carranza-Aranda AS, Vázquez-García JA, Santerre A. 2020. Population genetics, species boundaries, and conservation in the Magnolia pacifica species complex along a continentality and moisture gradient in western Mexico. Botanical Sciences 98(3): 500-516. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2551
Palmarola-Bejerano A, Romanov MS, Bobrov AVFCh. 2008. A new subspecies of Magnolia viriginiana (Magnoliaceae) from western Cuba. Willdenowia 38: 545-549.
Pérez ÁJ, Rea E, Burgess K, Mena-Olmedo P, Cabrera L, León J, Vázquez-García JA. 2023. A new endemic Magnolia species (M. sect. Talauma, Magnoliaceae) from the southwestern montane forest remnants of Ecuador. Phytotaxa 592(2): 119-126. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.5
Rodríguez-Duque DL, Escobar-Alba M, García-González JD, Carvajal-Cogollo JE, Aymard-Corredor GA. 2022. A new Andean species of Magnolia (section Talauma, Magnolioideae, Magnoliaceae), and a key to the species found in Colombia. Harvard Papers in Botany 27(2): 131-141. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib. v27iss2.2022.n1
Serna-González M, Cogollo-Pacheco Á, Velásquez-Rua C. 2024. Magnolia amalfiensis, a new species of Magnoliaceae from Antioquia Province, Colombia. Brittonia 76: 217-222.
Serrano MJ, Grajeda-Estrada R, Villalobos A, Álvarez-Ruano MR, Vázquez-García JA. 2020. Magnolia poqomchi, a new species of subsection Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from San Cristóbal Verapaz, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Phytotaxa 454: 231-243. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.1
Shen Y, Chen K, Gu C, Zheng S, Ma L. 2018. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses of 26 Magnoliaceae species based on complete chloroplast genome sequences. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 48(12): 1456-1469. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2018-0296
Sima Y-K, Lu S-G. A new system for the family Magnoliaceae [A]. In: Xia N-H, Zeng Q W, Xu F-X, Wu Q-G (Eds). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae [C]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science & Technology Press, 2012: 55-71.
Testé E, Hernández-Rodríguez M, Veltjen E, Bécquer ER, Rodríguez-Meno A, Palmarola A, Samain M-S, González-Torres L.R, Robert T. 2022. Integrating morphological and genetic limits in the taxonomic delimitation of the Cuban taxa of Magnolia subsect. Talauma (Magnoliaceae). PhytoKeys 213: 35-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.213.82627
Thiers B. (Ed.) 2017. Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Disponible en: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (acceso 24 enero 2025).
Vázquez-García JA, Muñiz-Castro MÁ, De Castro-Arce E, Murguía Araiza R, Nuño Rubio AT, Cházaro-Basañez M de J. 2012. Twenty new Neotropical tree species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae). In: Salcedo-Pérez E, Hernández-Álvarez E, Vázquez-García JA, Escoto-García T & Echevarría-Díaz N (Eds.) Recursos forestales en el Occidente de México: diversidad, manejo, producción, aprovechamiento y conservación. Serie fronteras de Biodiversidad, vol. 4, tomo I. Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEI-CUCBA, Guadalajara, México, pp. 91-130.
Vázquez-García JA, Véliz-Pérez ME, Tribouillier-Navas E, Muñiz-Castro MA. 2013. Magnolia quetzal and Magnolia mayae, a new species and a new record, respectively, for the flora of Guatemala. Phytotaxa 76: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.76.1.1
Vázquez-García JA, Pérez-Farrera MA, Gómez-Dominguez H, Muñiz-Castro MA, Sahagún-Godínez E. 2017. Magnolia montebelloensis, a new species in section Magnolia from Lagunas of Montebello National Park, Chiapas, with a key to Magnoliaceae of Chiapas. Phytotaxa 328: 101-114. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.1
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Véliz-Pérez ME. 2019. A conspectus of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) in Guatemala: novelties and conservation concern. Phytotaxa 427: 221-238. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.427.4.1
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Véliz-Pérez ME. 2020. Magnolia ottoi (Magnoliaceae) a new species from Purulhá, Baja Verapaz, Guatemala: conservation and Mayan Q’eqchi’ ethnotaxonomy. Phytotaxa 455: 187-195. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.455.3.1
Vázquez-García JA, Muñiz-Castro MA, Dahua-Machoa A, Osorio-Muñoz E, Hernández-Vera G, Ortega-Peña A, Romo-Campos R, Jacobo-Pereira C, Álvarez de Román N, Shalisko V. 2021a. How to save endangered Magnolias? From population biology to conservation action: the case of allopatric radiation in western Mexico. In: Endangered Plants (February 2021), IntechOpen, London. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94346
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Véliz-Pérez ME, Ortega Peña AS, Shalisko V. 2021b. Three new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) endemic to the north-wet-arc in the Maya Highlands of Guatemala. Phytotaxa 529(1): 57-70. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.4
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Aguilar RE, Shalisko V. 2022. Two new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from Alta Verapaz and Quiché, Guatemala. Phytotaxa 559(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.559.1.4
Véliz M, López J, Velásquez L, Maza A, Ambrocio A, Archila F. 2014. Guía para el reconocimiento de las Plantas Endémicas de Guatemala. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. 218 pp.
Wang Y, Liu B, Nie Z, Chen H, Chen F, Figlar RB, Jun W. 2020. Major clades and a revised classification of Magnolia and Magnoliaceae based on whole plastid genome sequences via genome skimming. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 58: 673-695. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12588
Archila F, Chiron G, Szlachetko D, Lipinska M, Bertolini V, Mystkowska K. 2018. Orchid Genera and Species in Guatemala. Koeltz Botanical Books, Germany. 724 pp.
Archila F, Tribouillier-Navas E, Aguilar RE. 2022. Una nueva especie de Magnolia de los bosques tropicales lluviosos. Revista Guatemalensis 25: 122-128.
Archila F, Tribouillier-Navas E, Vázquez-García JA, Alvarado O, Pérez ÁJ. 2023. Novedades taxonómicas en Magnolia (Magnoliaceae, sect. Talauma) de Guatemala. Revista Ecuatoriana de Medicina y Ciencias Biológicas 44(2): 49-59.
Archila F, Tribouillier-Navas E, Alvarado O, Pérez ÁJ, Shalisko V, Mendoza S, Vázquez-García JA. 2024. Three new small-flowered Magnolia species (Magnolia sect. Magnolia, Magnoliaceae) from Guatemala. Phytotaxa 665(2): 129-144. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.665.2.4
Azuma H, García-Franco JG, Rico-Gray V, Thien LB. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the Magnoliaceae: The biogeography of tropical and temperate disjunctions. American Journal of Botany 88(12): 2275-2285. https://doi.org/10.2307/3558389
Bosarreyes B, Sagastume-Pinto KV, Peña J, Moreira-Ramírez JF, Castillo M. 2021. Guía de aves de la costa del Pacífico Guatemalteco. Guatemala. 221 pp.
Brocard G, Morán-Ical S, Dura T, Vásquez O. 2015. The Plio-Pleistocene lacustrine Jolom Naj formation in Cobán, Alta Verapaz: Implications for the growth and demise of the Cahabón river. Revista guatemalteca de ciencias de la tierra 2:45-56.
Guzmán-Díaz S, Núñez FAA, Veltjen E, Asselman P, Larridon I, Samain MS. 2022. Comparison of Magnoliaceae Plastomes: Adding Neotropical Magnolia to the Discussion. Plants 11(3): 448. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030448
Hebda RJ, Irving E. 2013. On the Origin and Distribution of Magnolias: Tectonics, DNA and Climate Change. In: JET Channell, DV Kent, W Lowrie & JG Meert (Eds.) Geophysical Monograph Series (pp. 43–57). American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/145GM04
Linsky J, Coffey EED, Beech E, Rivers M, Cicuzza D, Oldfield S, Crowley D. 2022. Assessing Magnoliaceae through time: Major global efforts to track extinction risk status and ex situ conservation. PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET, ppp3.10285. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10285
Muñiz-Castro MÁ, Castro-Félix P, Carranza-Aranda AS, Vázquez-García JA, Santerre A. 2020. Population genetics, species boundaries, and conservation in the Magnolia pacifica species complex along a continentality and moisture gradient in western Mexico. Botanical Sciences 98(3): 500-516. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2551
Palmarola-Bejerano A, Romanov MS, Bobrov AVFCh. 2008. A new subspecies of Magnolia viriginiana (Magnoliaceae) from western Cuba. Willdenowia 38: 545-549.
Pérez ÁJ, Rea E, Burgess K, Mena-Olmedo P, Cabrera L, León J, Vázquez-García JA. 2023. A new endemic Magnolia species (M. sect. Talauma, Magnoliaceae) from the southwestern montane forest remnants of Ecuador. Phytotaxa 592(2): 119-126. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.5
Rodríguez-Duque DL, Escobar-Alba M, García-González JD, Carvajal-Cogollo JE, Aymard-Corredor GA. 2022. A new Andean species of Magnolia (section Talauma, Magnolioideae, Magnoliaceae), and a key to the species found in Colombia. Harvard Papers in Botany 27(2): 131-141. https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib. v27iss2.2022.n1
Serna-González M, Cogollo-Pacheco Á, Velásquez-Rua C. 2024. Magnolia amalfiensis, a new species of Magnoliaceae from Antioquia Province, Colombia. Brittonia 76: 217-222.
Serrano MJ, Grajeda-Estrada R, Villalobos A, Álvarez-Ruano MR, Vázquez-García JA. 2020. Magnolia poqomchi, a new species of subsection Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from San Cristóbal Verapaz, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Phytotaxa 454: 231-243. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.454.4.1
Shen Y, Chen K, Gu C, Zheng S, Ma L. 2018. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses of 26 Magnoliaceae species based on complete chloroplast genome sequences. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 48(12): 1456-1469. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2018-0296
Sima Y-K, Lu S-G. A new system for the family Magnoliaceae [A]. In: Xia N-H, Zeng Q W, Xu F-X, Wu Q-G (Eds). Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae [C]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science & Technology Press, 2012: 55-71.
Testé E, Hernández-Rodríguez M, Veltjen E, Bécquer ER, Rodríguez-Meno A, Palmarola A, Samain M-S, González-Torres L.R, Robert T. 2022. Integrating morphological and genetic limits in the taxonomic delimitation of the Cuban taxa of Magnolia subsect. Talauma (Magnoliaceae). PhytoKeys 213: 35-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.213.82627
Thiers B. (Ed.) 2017. Index herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Disponible en: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ (acceso 24 enero 2025).
Vázquez-García JA, Muñiz-Castro MÁ, De Castro-Arce E, Murguía Araiza R, Nuño Rubio AT, Cházaro-Basañez M de J. 2012. Twenty new Neotropical tree species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae). In: Salcedo-Pérez E, Hernández-Álvarez E, Vázquez-García JA, Escoto-García T & Echevarría-Díaz N (Eds.) Recursos forestales en el Occidente de México: diversidad, manejo, producción, aprovechamiento y conservación. Serie fronteras de Biodiversidad, vol. 4, tomo I. Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEI-CUCBA, Guadalajara, México, pp. 91-130.
Vázquez-García JA, Véliz-Pérez ME, Tribouillier-Navas E, Muñiz-Castro MA. 2013. Magnolia quetzal and Magnolia mayae, a new species and a new record, respectively, for the flora of Guatemala. Phytotaxa 76: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.76.1.1
Vázquez-García JA, Pérez-Farrera MA, Gómez-Dominguez H, Muñiz-Castro MA, Sahagún-Godínez E. 2017. Magnolia montebelloensis, a new species in section Magnolia from Lagunas of Montebello National Park, Chiapas, with a key to Magnoliaceae of Chiapas. Phytotaxa 328: 101-114. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.328.2.1
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Véliz-Pérez ME. 2019. A conspectus of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) in Guatemala: novelties and conservation concern. Phytotaxa 427: 221-238. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.427.4.1
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Véliz-Pérez ME. 2020. Magnolia ottoi (Magnoliaceae) a new species from Purulhá, Baja Verapaz, Guatemala: conservation and Mayan Q’eqchi’ ethnotaxonomy. Phytotaxa 455: 187-195. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.455.3.1
Vázquez-García JA, Muñiz-Castro MA, Dahua-Machoa A, Osorio-Muñoz E, Hernández-Vera G, Ortega-Peña A, Romo-Campos R, Jacobo-Pereira C, Álvarez de Román N, Shalisko V. 2021a. How to save endangered Magnolias? From population biology to conservation action: the case of allopatric radiation in western Mexico. In: Endangered Plants (February 2021), IntechOpen, London. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94346
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Véliz-Pérez ME, Ortega Peña AS, Shalisko V. 2021b. Three new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) endemic to the north-wet-arc in the Maya Highlands of Guatemala. Phytotaxa 529(1): 57-70. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.529.1.4
Vázquez-García JA, Tribouillier-Navas E, Archila F, Aguilar RE, Shalisko V. 2022. Two new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from Alta Verapaz and Quiché, Guatemala. Phytotaxa 559(1): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.559.1.4
Véliz M, López J, Velásquez L, Maza A, Ambrocio A, Archila F. 2014. Guía para el reconocimiento de las Plantas Endémicas de Guatemala. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. 218 pp.
Wang Y, Liu B, Nie Z, Chen H, Chen F, Figlar RB, Jun W. 2020. Major clades and a revised classification of Magnolia and Magnoliaceae based on whole plastid genome sequences via genome skimming. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 58: 673-695. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12588