Estandarización de la metodología para el conteo cromosómico en especies del género Polylepis en el Ecuador
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Abstract
The Polylepis genus includes 26 species of trees and shrubs distributed from Venezuela to central Argentina. Polylepis forests are mostly natural Andean vegetation with highly specialized fauna and flora and are of great ecological importance. In recent decades, various attempts to clarify its phylogeny using molecular techniques have been unsuccessful. One of the possible reasons could be frequent hybridization, other hypotheses focus on the presence of polyploidy, a phenomenon that has not been successfully tested, due to a lack of protocols for performing cytogenetic studies. This research has developed for the first time a standardized methodology for the visualization and counting of chromosomes of the genus Polylepis, as well as data on cell phases. Root tips and flower buds were used to standardize the methodology. Additionally, cell cycle studies were performed to determine the appropriate time for sampling. The prepared plates allowed obtaining the chromosome numbers of Polylepis species present in Ecuador, which revealed for the first time the presence of polyploidy in this genus, a very important condition in the diversification of the species.
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1.
Lamina Q, Salcedo S, Jadán M, Proaño K. Estandarización de la metodología para el conteo cromosómico en especies del género Polylepis en el Ecuador. REMCB [Internet]. 2010Oct.1 [cited 2024Jul.3];31(1-2). Available from: https://remcb-puce.edu.ec/remcb/article/view/41
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Artículos Científicos
References
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JAMESON, S., & RAMSAY, P.2007. Changes in high altitude Polylepis forest cover and quality in the Vilcanota Cordillera, Peru 1956-2005. Biological Conservation, 138,38-46.
HOCH, G., & KÖRNER, C.2005.Growth, demography and carbon relations of Polylepis trees at the world’s highest tree line. Functional Ecology, 19, 941-951.
SCHMIDT-LEBUHN, A,KESSLER, M., & KUMAR, M.2006. Promiscuity in the Andes: Species Relationships in Polylepis (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae) Based on AFLP and Morphology. Systematic Botany, 31, 547-559.
SELTMANN, D., COCUCCI, A.,HENSEN, I., & JUNG, J. 2007.Fragment size, pollination efficiency and reproductive success in natural populations of wind-pollinated Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) trees. Flora, 202, 547-554.Estandarización de la metodología para el conteo cromosómico en especies del género Polylepis en el Ecuador.
CIERJACKS, A., IGLESIAS, K.,WESCHE, K., & HENSEN, I.2007. Impact of sowing, canopy cover, and litter on seedling dynamics of two Polylepisspecies at upper tree lines in central Ecuador. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 23, 309-318.
ORTIZ, V. 2007. Chromosome numbers, nuclear DNA content, and polyploidy in Console (Cactaceae), an endemic cactus of the Caribbean Islands. American Journal of Botany, 94, 1360–1370.
PÉREZ, R., HERNÁNDEZ, M.,ROSE, V., CALLEROS, V., & PANZERA, F. 2003. Citotaxonomía y evolución cromosómica en Triatominae, insectos vectores de la enfer-medad de Chagas (heteroptera-reduviidae). Entomology Vector 10:543-550.
TUNA, M., VOGEL, P., ARUMU-GANATHAN, K. & GILL, S. 2001.DNA content and ploidy determination of bromegrass germplasm accessions by flow cytometry. Crop Science, 41, 1629–1634.
SEMINARIO, J. 2004. Raíces andinas: Contribuciones al conocimiento y a la capacitación. Serie: Conservación y uso de la biodiversidad de raíces y tubérculos andinos: Una década de investigación para el desarrollo (1993-2003). No. 6. Lima,Perú: Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Centro Internacional dela Papa, Agencia Zuiza para el desarrollo y la cooperación.
TALLEDO, D., ESCOBAR, E., & ALLEMAN, V. 1995. El ciclo celular en vegetales; su estudio, importancia y aplicaciones. Biotempo, 2,13-31.
FERRER, H., ALCORCÉS DEGUERRA, N. C., & MÉNDEZ, J.R. 2007. Determinación del ciclomitótico de dos cultivares de Gossypium hirsutum L. y dos ecotipos de Gossypium barbadense L. ActaBiol. Par., Curitiba, 36, 121-149.
SCHMIDT-LEBUHN A, FUCHS,J., HERTE, D., HIRSCH, H.,TOIVONEN, J.,& KESSLER, M.2010. An Andean radiation: Polyploidy in the tree genus Polylepis (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae). Plant biology. Publicado online Feb 2010.
RAMSEY, J., & SCHEMSKE, D.1998. Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploidy formation in flowering plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematic, 29, 467–501.
JARA-SEGUEL, P., ROMERO-MIERES, M., & PALMA-ROJAS,C. (2006). Chromosome numbers of Chilean pteridophytes: First contribution. Guyana Botany, 63,115-118.
FERNÁNDEZ, A., KRAPOVIC-KAS, G., & SEIJO, A. (2003). Los cromosomas de Malváceas. (Resumen, Universidad Nacional del Norte, 2003). Resumen: B-044.
GALINDO, E. 2006. Problemas y ejercicios de probabilidad y estadística. Quito Ecuador: Policiencia Editores.
SINGH, J. 2002. Plant cytogenetic. Illinois, Estados Unidos: CRC Press.
SHARMA, A., & SHARMA, A.1999. Plants Chromosome, analysis, manipulation end engineering.London. England: CRC Press.
MARTINEZ-GOMEZ, P., SANCHEZ-PEREZ, R., VAKNON, Y.,DICENTA, F. AND GRADZIEL,T., 2005. An improved technique for counting chromosomes in almonds.Scientie Horticulturae 105:139-143.
SWANSON, C., MERZ, T., &YOUNG, W. 1981. Cytogenetics.The chromosome in division, inheritance, and evolution. New Jersey, U.S.A: Prentice Hall, INC.Engleaood Cliffs.
MATOS, A., & MOLINA, J. 1997.Estudio citogenético en células radi-cales de Aloe vera L.Rev. Fac.Agron. (LUZ), 14, 173-182.
RAVEN P., EVERT, R., & CURTIS, H. 1976. Biology of plants. New York, U.S.A.: Worth Publishers, INC.
RODRÍGUEZ, V., & SEIJO, G.2001. Estudio del ciclo celular de una especie leñosa: Gleditsia amorphoides (Leguminosae).Ciencias Agrarias, 14, 321-324.
GOULD, A. 1984. Staning and Nuclear Cytology of Cultured Cells.Indra Vasil (Ed.). In Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants. Academic Press, Inc., 1, 699-711.
IDEHEN, E., KEHINDE, O., & ADEGBITE, A.2006.Somatic chromosome counts and yields performance of some accessions of egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus).African Journal of Biotechnology 5,2049-2052.
SCHIMOTSUMA, M 1961. Chromosome number of Citrullus species.Chromosome information service 2, Kyushu, kukuoka. Japan.
KESSLER, M. 1995. The genus Polylepis (Rosaceae) in Bolivia. Candollea, 50, 31-71.
SIMPSON, B. B. 1979. A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae). Smithsonian Contributions to botany, 43, 1-62.
JAMESON, S., & RAMSAY, P.2007. Changes in high altitude Polylepis forest cover and quality in the Vilcanota Cordillera, Peru 1956-2005. Biological Conservation, 138,38-46.
HOCH, G., & KÖRNER, C.2005.Growth, demography and carbon relations of Polylepis trees at the world’s highest tree line. Functional Ecology, 19, 941-951.
SCHMIDT-LEBUHN, A,KESSLER, M., & KUMAR, M.2006. Promiscuity in the Andes: Species Relationships in Polylepis (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae) Based on AFLP and Morphology. Systematic Botany, 31, 547-559.
SELTMANN, D., COCUCCI, A.,HENSEN, I., & JUNG, J. 2007.Fragment size, pollination efficiency and reproductive success in natural populations of wind-pollinated Polylepis australis (Rosaceae) trees. Flora, 202, 547-554.Estandarización de la metodología para el conteo cromosómico en especies del género Polylepis en el Ecuador.
CIERJACKS, A., IGLESIAS, K.,WESCHE, K., & HENSEN, I.2007. Impact of sowing, canopy cover, and litter on seedling dynamics of two Polylepisspecies at upper tree lines in central Ecuador. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 23, 309-318.
ORTIZ, V. 2007. Chromosome numbers, nuclear DNA content, and polyploidy in Console (Cactaceae), an endemic cactus of the Caribbean Islands. American Journal of Botany, 94, 1360–1370.
PÉREZ, R., HERNÁNDEZ, M.,ROSE, V., CALLEROS, V., & PANZERA, F. 2003. Citotaxonomía y evolución cromosómica en Triatominae, insectos vectores de la enfer-medad de Chagas (heteroptera-reduviidae). Entomology Vector 10:543-550.
TUNA, M., VOGEL, P., ARUMU-GANATHAN, K. & GILL, S. 2001.DNA content and ploidy determination of bromegrass germplasm accessions by flow cytometry. Crop Science, 41, 1629–1634.
SEMINARIO, J. 2004. Raíces andinas: Contribuciones al conocimiento y a la capacitación. Serie: Conservación y uso de la biodiversidad de raíces y tubérculos andinos: Una década de investigación para el desarrollo (1993-2003). No. 6. Lima,Perú: Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, Centro Internacional dela Papa, Agencia Zuiza para el desarrollo y la cooperación.
TALLEDO, D., ESCOBAR, E., & ALLEMAN, V. 1995. El ciclo celular en vegetales; su estudio, importancia y aplicaciones. Biotempo, 2,13-31.
FERRER, H., ALCORCÉS DEGUERRA, N. C., & MÉNDEZ, J.R. 2007. Determinación del ciclomitótico de dos cultivares de Gossypium hirsutum L. y dos ecotipos de Gossypium barbadense L. ActaBiol. Par., Curitiba, 36, 121-149.
SCHMIDT-LEBUHN A, FUCHS,J., HERTE, D., HIRSCH, H.,TOIVONEN, J.,& KESSLER, M.2010. An Andean radiation: Polyploidy in the tree genus Polylepis (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae). Plant biology. Publicado online Feb 2010.
RAMSEY, J., & SCHEMSKE, D.1998. Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of polyploidy formation in flowering plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematic, 29, 467–501.
JARA-SEGUEL, P., ROMERO-MIERES, M., & PALMA-ROJAS,C. (2006). Chromosome numbers of Chilean pteridophytes: First contribution. Guyana Botany, 63,115-118.
FERNÁNDEZ, A., KRAPOVIC-KAS, G., & SEIJO, A. (2003). Los cromosomas de Malváceas. (Resumen, Universidad Nacional del Norte, 2003). Resumen: B-044.
GALINDO, E. 2006. Problemas y ejercicios de probabilidad y estadística. Quito Ecuador: Policiencia Editores.
SINGH, J. 2002. Plant cytogenetic. Illinois, Estados Unidos: CRC Press.
SHARMA, A., & SHARMA, A.1999. Plants Chromosome, analysis, manipulation end engineering.London. England: CRC Press.
MARTINEZ-GOMEZ, P., SANCHEZ-PEREZ, R., VAKNON, Y.,DICENTA, F. AND GRADZIEL,T., 2005. An improved technique for counting chromosomes in almonds.Scientie Horticulturae 105:139-143.
SWANSON, C., MERZ, T., &YOUNG, W. 1981. Cytogenetics.The chromosome in division, inheritance, and evolution. New Jersey, U.S.A: Prentice Hall, INC.Engleaood Cliffs.
MATOS, A., & MOLINA, J. 1997.Estudio citogenético en células radi-cales de Aloe vera L.Rev. Fac.Agron. (LUZ), 14, 173-182.
RAVEN P., EVERT, R., & CURTIS, H. 1976. Biology of plants. New York, U.S.A.: Worth Publishers, INC.
RODRÍGUEZ, V., & SEIJO, G.2001. Estudio del ciclo celular de una especie leñosa: Gleditsia amorphoides (Leguminosae).Ciencias Agrarias, 14, 321-324.
GOULD, A. 1984. Staning and Nuclear Cytology of Cultured Cells.Indra Vasil (Ed.). In Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants. Academic Press, Inc., 1, 699-711.
IDEHEN, E., KEHINDE, O., & ADEGBITE, A.2006.Somatic chromosome counts and yields performance of some accessions of egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus).African Journal of Biotechnology 5,2049-2052.
SCHIMOTSUMA, M 1961. Chromosome number of Citrullus species.Chromosome information service 2, Kyushu, kukuoka. Japan.
KESSLER, M. 1995. The genus Polylepis (Rosaceae) in Bolivia. Candollea, 50, 31-71.
SIMPSON, B. B. 1979. A revision of the genus Polylepis (Rosaceae: Sanguisorbeae). Smithsonian Contributions to botany, 43, 1-62.