Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Tree Tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) in the Ecuadorian Highlands
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Published:
Nov 9, 2017
Keywords:
Ecuador, phytonematodes, population, Solanum betaceum, tree tomato
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Abstract
A nematological survey was conducted in four tree tomato plantations (Solanum betaceum Cav.), located in the Ecuadorian highlands. The purpose was to study the occurrence of parasitic nematodes associated with this crop. A total of 64 soil and 34 root samples were processed and analyzed in duplicate, in which nematodes from at least 12 genera in different population arrangements were found. Differences in soil conductivity measurements were significant, whereas pH was not. The most frequent genus was Meloidogyne spp., with a mean average of 363,5 nematodes per 100 g of soil sample, and 290,4 for 10 g of roots among the 64 and 34 soil and root samples collected at all four locations. Pratylenchus spp. Followed, with a mean average of 146,3 and 97,4 per 100 g of soil and for 10 g of root samples, respectively. The occasional appearance of the nematode genus Hoplolaimus in 33 of the 64 soil samples (52%) is a significant finding, since it is the first report of this genus associated with tree tomato crops in Ecuador. Around half of the total nematode population found in soil as well as in root samples (with a mean average of 530 and 518, respectively) were from the saprophytic genera.
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1.
Ubidia Vásquez P, Soria CA. Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Tree Tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.) in the Ecuadorian Highlands. REMCB [Internet]. 2017Nov.9 [cited 2024Jul.3];38(2):107-18. Available from: https://remcb-puce.edu.ec/remcb/article/view/549
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Artículos Científicos
References
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De Waele D, Stoffelen R, Kestemont J. 2006. Effect of associated plant species on banana nematodes. InfoMusa 15 (1-2), 1-6
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Golden AM. 1971. Classification of the genera and higher categories of the order Tylenchida (Nematoda). Pp. 191-232 in B. M. Zuckerman, W. F. Mai, and R. A. Rohde, eds. Plant Parasitic Nematodes. Vol. 1. Morphology, Anatomy, Taxonomy and Ecology. New York: Academic Press.
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Mateille T. 1994. Comparative host tissue reactions of Musa acuminata (AAA group) cvs Poyo and Gros Michel roots to three banana-parasitic nematodes. Annals of Applied Biology 124:65-73.
McSorley R, Parrado JL. 1981. Effect of sieve size on nematode extraction efficiency. Nematotropica 11 (2): 165-174.
Moreno-Álvarez M.J, Pinto MG, García-Pantaleón D, Belén-Camacho D.R. 2007. Effect of citric acid on tree tomato maturity. Rev. Fac. Agron (LUZ) 24: 321-342.
Nickle W R. 1991. Manual of agricultural nematology. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker. 1035 p.
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Ramírez F, Grijalva R, Navarrete X, Guerrero R. 2015. Nematodos Fitoparásitos asociados con tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) en las provincias de Imbabura, Pichincha y Tungurahua, Ecuador. Revista Científica Ecuatoriana 2(1): 48-53.
Ríos E. 2006. Combate de Meloidogyne sp. en tomate riñón (Lycopersicum escuentum con métodos químicos, físicos y biológicos y biofumigación bajo invernadero. Escuela Politécnica del Ejército. Tesis de disertación previa a la obtención del título de Ingeniero Agrónomo. Quito- Ecuador.
Rhoades H L. 1986. Effects of fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides on Belonolaimus longicaudatus and Hoplolaimus galeatus populations and subsequent yield of cabbage. Plant Disease 70:581-582
Safiuddin N, Rizvi R, Ansari R, Mahmood I, Sumbul, A, Tiyagi S. 2015. Efficacy of organic matter and some bio-inoculants for the management of root – knot nematode infesting tomato. International Journal of Environment 4(2): 206-220.
Solano T, Catillo M, Medina J, Del Pozo E. 2014. Efectividad de hongos nematófagos sobre Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid y White) Chitwood en tomate en condiciones de campo, Loja, Ecuador. Revista. Protección Vegetal 29(3): 192-196.
Soria CA. 2009. Bioterr Labitech, un nuevo fitonematicida a base de benzimidazol. Rev Ecuat Med y Cienc Biológicas 30(1y2): 28-41.
Tarjan AC. 1973. A synopsis of the genera and species in the Tylenchorhynchinae (Tylenchoidea, Nematoda). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 40:123-144.
Thorne G. 1961. Principles of nematology. McGraw-Hill Inc., NY. 553 pp.
Tiwari AK, Mishra SL, Malhotra SK. 2001. Bioecology of nematodes in soil of a sub-humid region.I. Hoplolaimus johani sp. nov. and H. caudifurcatus sp. nov. around fruit crops. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Experimental Pathology and Parasitology,4: 8-19.
Townshead, J.L. 1962. An examination of the efficiency of the Cobb decanting and sieving method. Nematologica 8: 293-300.
Baicheva O, Salkova D, Palazova G. 2002. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne, Goeldi, 1887) – species composition, pathogenicity, some problems for investigation. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Experimental Pathology and Parasitology 5: 21-24.
Barker KR. 1985. Sampling nematode communities. Pg. 3-17 in KR Barker. CC Carter and JN Sasser, eds. An advanced treatise on Meloidogyne. Vol. II. Methodology. United States Agency for International Development USAID: North Carolina State University Graphics, Raleigh, NC
Cadena E. 2001. Estudio de prefactibilidad para tomate de árbol. Tesis previa a la obtención del título de Ingeniero Agrónomo. Escuela Politécnica del Ejército – ESPE. Quito Ecuador
CICO. 2006. Perfiles del Producto: tomate de árbol. Corporación de Promoción de Exportaciones e Inversiones del Ecuador- CORPEI. Abril 2006. Ecuador.
De Waele D, Stoffelen R, Kestemont J. 2006. Effect of associated plant species on banana nematodes. InfoMusa 15 (1-2), 1-6
Eisenback JD, Hirschmann H, Sasser JN, and Triantaphyllou AC. 1981. A guide to the four most common species of root-knot nematodes of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), with a pictorial key. Raleigh: North Carolina State University.
Golden AM. 1971. Classification of the genera and higher categories of the order Tylenchida (Nematoda). Pp. 191-232 in B. M. Zuckerman, W. F. Mai, and R. A. Rohde, eds. Plant Parasitic Nematodes. Vol. 1. Morphology, Anatomy, Taxonomy and Ecology. New York: Academic Press.
Haseeb A, Sharma A, Shukla, PK. 2005. Studies on the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita-wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum disease complex of green gram, Vigna radiata cv ML-1108. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 6(8):736-742
Khan T, Shadab S, Afroz R, Aziz M, Farooqui M. 2011. Study of suppressive effect of biological agent fungus, natural organic compound and carbofuran on root knot nematode of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum). J. Microbiol. Biotech. Res. 1(1):7-11.
Mateille T. 1994. Comparative host tissue reactions of Musa acuminata (AAA group) cvs Poyo and Gros Michel roots to three banana-parasitic nematodes. Annals of Applied Biology 124:65-73.
McSorley R, Parrado JL. 1981. Effect of sieve size on nematode extraction efficiency. Nematotropica 11 (2): 165-174.
Moreno-Álvarez M.J, Pinto MG, García-Pantaleón D, Belén-Camacho D.R. 2007. Effect of citric acid on tree tomato maturity. Rev. Fac. Agron (LUZ) 24: 321-342.
Nickle W R. 1991. Manual of agricultural nematology. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker. 1035 p.
PAVUC. 2008. PAVUC Biannual Newsletter. PAVUC. (Consult date: August 7, 2017). Available online: . Prohens J, Nuez F. 2005. The Tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea): A Review of a Promising Small Fruit Crop. Small Fruits Review. Volume: 1 Issue: 2, ISSN: 1522-8851 Pub Date: 4/20/2005.
Ramírez F, Grijalva R, Navarrete X, Guerrero R. 2015. Nematodos Fitoparásitos asociados con tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav.) en las provincias de Imbabura, Pichincha y Tungurahua, Ecuador. Revista Científica Ecuatoriana 2(1): 48-53.
Ríos E. 2006. Combate de Meloidogyne sp. en tomate riñón (Lycopersicum escuentum con métodos químicos, físicos y biológicos y biofumigación bajo invernadero. Escuela Politécnica del Ejército. Tesis de disertación previa a la obtención del título de Ingeniero Agrónomo. Quito- Ecuador.
Rhoades H L. 1986. Effects of fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides on Belonolaimus longicaudatus and Hoplolaimus galeatus populations and subsequent yield of cabbage. Plant Disease 70:581-582
Safiuddin N, Rizvi R, Ansari R, Mahmood I, Sumbul, A, Tiyagi S. 2015. Efficacy of organic matter and some bio-inoculants for the management of root – knot nematode infesting tomato. International Journal of Environment 4(2): 206-220.
Solano T, Catillo M, Medina J, Del Pozo E. 2014. Efectividad de hongos nematófagos sobre Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid y White) Chitwood en tomate en condiciones de campo, Loja, Ecuador. Revista. Protección Vegetal 29(3): 192-196.
Soria CA. 2009. Bioterr Labitech, un nuevo fitonematicida a base de benzimidazol. Rev Ecuat Med y Cienc Biológicas 30(1y2): 28-41.
Tarjan AC. 1973. A synopsis of the genera and species in the Tylenchorhynchinae (Tylenchoidea, Nematoda). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 40:123-144.
Thorne G. 1961. Principles of nematology. McGraw-Hill Inc., NY. 553 pp.
Tiwari AK, Mishra SL, Malhotra SK. 2001. Bioecology of nematodes in soil of a sub-humid region.I. Hoplolaimus johani sp. nov. and H. caudifurcatus sp. nov. around fruit crops. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Experimental Pathology and Parasitology,4: 8-19.
Townshead, J.L. 1962. An examination of the efficiency of the Cobb decanting and sieving method. Nematologica 8: 293-300.